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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bmjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Байкальский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Baikal Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0715</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57256/2949-0715-2026-5-3-11-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bmjour-432</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Scientific literature reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОБЗОР СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МАРКЕРОВ ОЦЕНКИ ПАТОГЕНЕЗА И ДИАГНОСТИКИ КАРДИОРЕНАЛЬНОГО СИНДРОМА ТИПА II</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A REVIEW OF MODERN IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS FOR AS-SESSING THE PATHOGENESIS AND DIAGNOSIS OF TYPE II CARDIORENAL SYNDROME</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8428-2970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Венцак</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ventsak</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач терапевт, ассистент кафедры теории и практики сестринского дела Института сестринского образования</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>therapist, assistant professor, department of theory and practice of nursing at the institute of nursing education, Irkutsk State Medical University, 664003, Irkutsk, Krasnogo Vosstaniya str., 1, Russian Federation. ORCID:0000-0001-8428-2970</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lena_vencak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5188-7997</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анкудинов</surname><given-names>Андрей Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ankudinov</surname><given-names>Andrey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры симуляционных технологий и экстренной медицинской помощи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, department of simulation technologies and emergency medical care, Irkutsk State Medical University, 664003, Irkutsk, Krasnogo Vosstaniya str., 1, Russian Federation. ORCID:0000-0002-5188-7997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andruhin.box@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Венцак Е.В., Анкудинов А.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Венцак Е.В., Анкудинов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ventsak E., Ankudinov A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/432">https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/432</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Кардиоренальный синдром является одной из наиболее распространенных коморбидных ассоциаций в рамках сердечно-сосудистой патологии и имеет существенное, как медицинское, так и социально - экономическое значение. Кардиоренальный синдром II типа представляет собой ассоциацию, имеющую каскад взаимоотягощающих процессов, приводящих к необратимым изменениям, существенно влияющим на прогноз для пациента. Важнейшей задачей для решения данной проблемы является ранняя иммунологическая оценка риска развития декомпенсации. Поэтому большое внимание в данном вопросе уделяется использованию современных белков – маркеров.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: Провести анализ современных литературных источников, касающихся применения новых иммунологических цитокинов для ранней диагностики прогрессирования кардиоренального синдрома II типа.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен несистематический литературный обзор, включающий 106 источников отечественной и зарубежной литературы, опубликованных в период с 2011 по 2026 год. Поиск проводился в ведущих базах данных: MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, РИНЦ и eLibrary. Были использованы ключевые термины, такие как "кардиоренальный синдром", "хроническая болезнь почек", "хроническая сердечная недостаточность", "воспаление", "коморбидность", а также их комбинации. Для анализа были отобраны 53 источника, представленные литературными обзорами, мета-анализами и оригинальными исследованиями. По результатам обзора были выделены три ключевые группы провоспалительных цитокинов, проанализированы их диагностические и прогностические свойства.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Для дополнительной диагностики кардиоренального синдрома помимо общевоспалительных маркеров, таких как С ‒ реактивный белок, интерлейкины, фактор некроза опухоли – α, необходимо изучение маркеров регулирующих процессы вторичного (патологического) ангиогенеза: фактор роста эндотелия сосудов A типа, тромбоспондин 1 ‒ го типа, ангиопоэтин 2 ‒ го типа, пентраксин ‒ 3, а также маркеров, регулирующих отложение коллагена с последующим формирование фиброза ткани: сывороточный амилоидный компонент P, галектин ‒ 3, трансформирующий фактор роста бета ‒ 1.    </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Ранняя иммунологическая диагностика прогрессирования кардиоренального синдрома является важней профилактической задачей в практическом ведении таких пациентов. Изучение новых иммунологических цитокинов представляет важный научно-практический интерес.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Cardiorenal syndrome is one of the most common comorbid associations in the framework of cardiovascular pathology and plays a significant, both medical and socio-economic role. Type II cardiorenal syndrome is an association with a cascade of mutually aggravating processes leading to irreversible processes, significantly affecting the prognosis for the patient. The most important task in understanding this problem is an early immunological assessment of the risk of decompensation. Therefore, much attention is paid to the use of modern marker proteins in this issue.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. Analyze modern literature sources on the use of new immunological cytokines for early diagnosis of type II cardiorenal syndrome progression.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A non-systematic literary review was conducted, including 106 sources of domestic and foreign literature published in the period from 2011 to 2026. The search was conducted in the leading databases: MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, RSCI and eLibrary. Key terms such as "cardiorenal syndrome", "chronic kidney disease", "chronic heart failure", "inflammation", "comorbidity", as well as their combinations were used. 53 sources were selected for the analysis, represented by literary reviews, meta-analyses and original research. Based on the results of the review, three key groups of proinflammatory cytokines were identified, their diagnostic and prognostic properties were analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. For additional diagnosis of cardiorenal syndrome, in addition to general inflammatory markers such as C ‒reactive protein, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor – α, it is necessary to study markers regulating the processes of secondary (pathological angiogenesis): vascular endothelial growth factor type A, thrombospondin type 1, angiopoietin type 2, pentraxin ‒ 3, as well as markers regulating the deposition of collagen followed by the formation of tissue fibrosis: serum amyloid component P, galectin ‒ 3, transforming growth factor beta ‒ 1.    </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Early immunological diagnosis of the progression of cardiorenal syndrome is an important preventive task in the practical management of such patients. The study of new immunological cytokines is of important scientific and practical interest.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кардиоренальный синдром</kwd><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiorenal syndrome</kwd><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Блохин А.А., Шишкин А.Н., Минкин С.Р. Методы оценки коморбидности и ее роль у пациентов с кардиологической патологией. Вестник Санкт -Петербургского университета. Медицина. 2023;18(2):94–111 [Blokhin A.A., Shishkin A.N., Minkin S.R. Methods for assessing comorbidity and its role in pa-tients with cardiological pathology. Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. 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