<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bmjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Байкальский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Baikal Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0715</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57256/2949-0715-2026-5-2-50-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bmjour-394</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>COVID-19 КАК ОДИН ИЗ ТРИГГЕРОВ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ САХАРНОГО ДИАБЕТА У ДЕТЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COVID-19 AS A TRIGGER FOR TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS MANIFESTATION IN CHILDREN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1104-4474</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермаченко</surname><given-names>Михаил Федорович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermachenko</surname><given-names>Mikhail F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий отделением анестезиологии-реанимации, заслуженный врач РФ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daro.bratsk@mail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1379-8609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лунёнок</surname><given-names>Александр Артемьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lunenok</surname><given-names>Aleksandr A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-ординатор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident Physician</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mr.lunenok.99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9899-6170</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Руслан Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Ruslan A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anesthesiologist and Intensive Care Physician</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rean@brdgb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Братская детская городская больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bratsk Children's City Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ермаченко М.Ф., Лунёнок А.А., Иванов Р.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ермаченко М.Ф., Лунёнок А.А., Иванов Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ermachenko M.F., Lunenok A.A., Ivanov R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/394">https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/394</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Пандемия коронавирусной инфекции оказала значительное влияние на структуру эндокринной патологии у детей. Предполагается, что коронавирус обладает тропностью к β-клеткам поджелудочной железы, провоцируя развитие сахарного диабета 1 типа.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать динамику госпитализаций детей с впервые выявленным сахарным диабетом 1 типа в отделение реанимации и оценить взаимосвязь манифестации заболевания с перенесенной коронавирусной инфекцией.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ 382 случаев госпитализации детей (1–18 лет) в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии «Братской детской городской больницы» за период 2000–2025 гг. С 2020 года пациентам выполнялись тесты полимеразной цепной реакции и иммуноферментного исследования на антитела к коронавирусу.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлен рост доли больных сахарным диабетом с 1,1 % в 2001 г. до 19,3 % в 2025 г. В период пандемии (2020–2025 гг.) среднее число первичных случаев сахарного диабета возросло до 14,8 в год против 4,0 в «доковидный» период. Положительные маркеры инфекции выявлены у 62 пациентов из 158 с первичным сахарным диабетом.</p></sec><sec><title>​Заключение</title><p>​Заключение. Статистически значимый рост заболеваемости и наличие специфических антител подтверждают роль коронавируса как триггера повреждения ткани поджелудочной железы и манифестации сахарного диабета 1 типа у детей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: The coronavirus pandemic has significantly impacted the structure of endocrine pathology in the pediatric population. The COVID-19 pandemic. It is hypothesized that the coronavirus exhibits tropism for pancreatic β-cells, potentially acting as a trigger for the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze the dynamics of hospitalizations of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus in the intensive care unit and to evaluate the potential correlation between disease manifestation and a history of coronavirus infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective study was conducted on 382 cases of children (aged 1 to 18 years) hospitalized with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the intensive care unit of the Bratsk Children's City Hospital between 2000 and 2025. Starting in 2020, patients underwent polymerase chain reaction testing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests for antibodies to the coronavirus.</p></sec><sec><title>​Results</title><p>​Results. A sharp increase in the proportion of type 1 diabetes mellitus patients in the in the intensive care unit was observed, rising from 1.1 % in 2001 to 19.3 % in 2025. During the pandemic period (2020–2025), the average annual number of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus cases increased to 14.8 compared to 4.0 in the pre-pandemic period. Positive markers of coronavirus infection were identified in 62 out of 158 primary type 1 diabetes mellitus cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The statistically significant growth in type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence during the pandemic, coupled with the presence of specific antibodies, supports the role of coronavirus as a trigger for pancreatic tissue damage and subsequent type 1 diabetes mellitus manifestation in children.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 1 типа</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>поджелудочная железа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 1 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>pancreas</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Weekly Epidemiological Update. 2026. URL: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports [accessed 18.03.2026].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Weekly Epidemiological Update. 2026. URL: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports [accessed 18.03.2026].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Worldometers. COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic Statistics. 2025. URL: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ [accessed 18.03.2026].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Worldometers. COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic Statistics. 2025. URL: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ [accessed 18.03.2026].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И.И., Шестакова М.В., Майоров А.Ю. и др. Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахарным диабетом / Под редакцией И.И. Дедова, М.В. Шестаковой, А.Ю. Майорова. 11-й выпуск. Сахарный диабет. 2023;26(2S):1-157 [Dedov I.I, Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu. et al. Standards of Specialized Diabetes Care / Edited by Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu. 11th Edition. Diabetes mellitus. 2023;26(2S):1-157. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.14341/DM13042</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дедов И.И., Шестакова М.В., Майоров А.Ю. и др. Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахарным диабетом / Под редакцией И.И. Дедова, М.В. Шестаковой, А.Ю. Майорова. 11-й выпуск. Сахарный диабет. 2023;26(2S):1-157 [Dedov I.I, Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu. et al. Standards of Specialized Diabetes Care / Edited by Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu. 11th Edition. Diabetes mellitus. 2023;26(2S):1-157. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.14341/DM13042</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie Y., Al-Aly Z. Risks and burdens of incident diabetes in long COVID: a cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10(5):311-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00044-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xie Y., Al-Aly Z. Risks and burdens of incident diabetes in long COVID: a cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10(5):311-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00044-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Unsworth R., Wallace S., Oliver N.S. et al. New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes in Children During COVID-19: Multicenter Regional Findings in the U.K. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(11):e170-e171. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1551.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Unsworth R., Wallace S., Oliver N.S. et al. New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes in Children During COVID-19: Multicenter Regional Findings in the U.K. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(11):e170-e171. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1551.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петеркова В.А., Шестакова М.В., Безлепкина О.Б. и др. Сахарный диабет 1 типа у детей. Сахарный диабет. 2020;23(1S):4-40 [Peterkova V.A., Shestakova M.V., Bezlepkina O.B. et al. Diabetes mellitus type 1 in childhood. Diabetes mellitus. 2020;23(1S):4-40 (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.14341/DM12504</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Петеркова В.А., Шестакова М.В., Безлепкина О.Б. и др. Сахарный диабет 1 типа у детей. Сахарный диабет. 2020;23(1S):4-40 [Peterkova V.A., Shestakova M.V., Bezlepkina O.B. et al. Diabetes mellitus type 1 in childhood. Diabetes mellitus. 2020;23(1S):4-40 (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.14341/DM12504</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Müller J.A., Groß R., Conzelmann C. et al. SARS-CoV-2 infects and replicates in cells of the human endocrine and exocrine pancreas. Nat Metab. 2021;3(2):149-165. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00347-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Müller J.A., Groß R., Conzelmann C. et al. SARS-CoV-2 infects and replicates in cells of the human endocrine and exocrine pancreas. Nat Metab. 2021;3(2):149-165. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00347-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steenblock C., Richter S., Berger I. et al. Viral infiltration of pancreatic islets in patients with COVID-19. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):3534. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23886-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steenblock C., Richter S., Berger I. et al. Viral infiltration of pancreatic islets in patients with COVID-19. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):3534. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23886-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корнева К.Г., Квасова М.А., Новопольцева Е.Г. и др. Клинико-лабораторная характеристика детей с впервые выявленным сахарным диабетом 1-го типа. Медицинский альманах. 2026;1(86):44-56 [Korneva K.G., Kvasova M.A., Novopoltseva E.G. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. Medicinskij alʹmanah. 2026;1(86):44-56 (In Russ.)]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kliniko-laboratornaya-harakteristika-detey-s-vpervye-vyyavlennym-saharnym-diabetom-1-go-tipa [accessed 18.03.2026]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Корнева К.Г., Квасова М.А., Новопольцева Е.Г. и др. Клинико-лабораторная характеристика детей с впервые выявленным сахарным диабетом 1-го типа. Медицинский альманах. 2026;1(86):44-56 [Korneva K.G., Kvasova M.A., Novopoltseva E.G. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. Medicinskij alʹmanah. 2026;1(86):44-56 (In Russ.)]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kliniko-laboratornaya-harakteristika-detey-s-vpervye-vyyavlennym-saharnym-diabetom-1-go-tipa [accessed 18.03.2026]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mine K., Nagafuchi S., Mori H., Takahashi H., Anzai K. SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pancreatic β Cell Failure. Biology (Basel). 2021;11(1):22. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11010022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mine K., Nagafuchi S., Mori H., Takahashi H., Anzai K. SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pancreatic β Cell Failure. Biology (Basel). 2021;11(1):22. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11010022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pantea Stoian A., Bica I.C., Salmen T. et al. New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in COVID-19: A Scoping Review. Diabetes Ther. 2024;15(1):33-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-023-01465-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pantea Stoian A., Bica I.C., Salmen T. et al. New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in COVID-19: A Scoping Review. Diabetes Ther. 2024;15(1):33-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-023-01465-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Таранушенко Т.Е., Проскурина М.В. Современный взгляд на вопросы эпидемиологии и манифестации сахарного диабета 1 типа в педиатрии. Доктор.Ру. 2024;23(3):55–61 [Taranushenko T.E., Proskurina M.V. A modern view on the issues of epidemiology and manifestation of type 1 diabetes mellitus in pediatrics. Doctor.Ru. 2024;23(3):55–61 (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.31550/1727-2378-2024-23-3-55-61</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Таранушенко Т.Е., Проскурина М.В. Современный взгляд на вопросы эпидемиологии и манифестации сахарного диабета 1 типа в педиатрии. Доктор.Ру. 2024;23(3):55–61 [Taranushenko T.E., Proskurina M.V. A modern view on the issues of epidemiology and manifestation of type 1 diabetes mellitus in pediatrics. Doctor.Ru. 2024;23(3):55–61 (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.31550/1727-2378-2024-23-3-55-61</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лаптев Д.Н., Безлепкина О.В., Шешко Е.Л. и др. Основные эпидемиологические показатели сахарного диабета 1 типа у детей в Российской Федерации за 2014–2023 годы. Проблемы Эндокринологии. 2024;70(5):76-83 [Laptev D.N., Bezlepkina O.B., Sheshko E.L. et al. Main epidemiological indicators of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in the Russian Federation for 2014–2023. Problems of Endocrinology. 2024;70(5):76-83 (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.14341/probl13515</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Лаптев Д.Н., Безлепкина О.В., Шешко Е.Л. и др. Основные эпидемиологические показатели сахарного диабета 1 типа у детей в Российской Федерации за 2014–2023 годы. Проблемы Эндокринологии. 2024;70(5):76-83 [Laptev D.N., Bezlepkina O.B., Sheshko E.L. et al. Main epidemiological indicators of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in the Russian Federation for 2014–2023. Problems of Endocrinology. 2024;70(5):76-83 (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.14341/probl13515</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Баранов А.А. Коронавирусная инфекция (COVID-19) у детей (состояние на июнь 2020). Педиатрическая фармакология. 2020;17(3):162-178 [Namazova-Baranova L.S., Baranov A.A. Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children (Situation on June 2020). Pediatric pharmacology. 2020;17(3):162-178 (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v17i3.2121</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Баранов А.А. Коронавирусная инфекция (COVID-19) у детей (состояние на июнь 2020). Педиатрическая фармакология. 2020;17(3):162-178 [Namazova-Baranova L.S., Baranov A.A. Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children (Situation on June 2020). Pediatric pharmacology. 2020;17(3):162-178 (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v17i3.2121</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu L., She Z.G., Cheng X. et al. Association of Blood Glucose Control and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 and Pre-existing Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Metab. 2020;31(6):1068-1077.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu L., She Z.G., Cheng X. et al. Association of Blood Glucose Control and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 and Pre-existing Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Metab. 2020;31(6):1068-1077.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
