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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bmjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Байкальский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Baikal Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0715</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57256/2949-0715-2025-4-3-63-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bmjour-320</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Scientific literature reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ТЕРАПИИ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ ЧЕРЕПНО-МОЗГОВЫХ ТРАВМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CURRENT AND PROSPECTIVE APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-7918</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юршев</surname><given-names>Юрий Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurshev</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель на кафедре биохимии и регенеративной биомедицины;</p><p> врач-ординатор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>applicant, Department of Biochemistry and Regenerative Biomedicine;</p><p>hospital physician</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yury@yurshev.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7492-747X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачук</surname><given-names>Всеволод Арсентьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachuk</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., академик РАН, директор</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Director</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tkachuk@fbm.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-3428</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карагяур</surname><given-names>Максим Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karagyaur</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., доцент кафедры биохимии и регенеративной биомедицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor of the Department of Biochemistry and Regenerative Biomedicine, Senior Researcher of the Center for Regenerative Medicine of the Medical Scientific and Educational Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.karagyaur@mail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский научно-образовательный институт Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова, Москва;&#13;
Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н. В. Склифосовского, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Research and Education Institute, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov;&#13;
Нospital physician, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Care</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский научно-образовательный институт&#13;
Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Research and Education Institute, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Regenerative Medicine of the Medical Scientific and Educational Institute;&#13;
Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юршев Ю.А., Ткачук В.А., Карагяур М.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юршев Ю.А., Ткачук В.А., Карагяур М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yurshev Y.A., Tkachuk V.A., Karagyaur M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/320">https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/320</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Черепно-мозговая травма остается одной из ведущих причин инвалидизации и смертности людей в современном обществе, при этом существующие методы лечения демонстрируют ограниченную эффективность в предотвращении развития вторичного повреждения головного мозга и возникновении отсроченных неврологических осложнений. Отсутствие препаратов с комплексным мультитаргетным действием на основные патогенетические механизмы черепно-мозговой травмы предопределяет необходимость поиска новых терапевтических подходов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: провести анализ современных и эффективных подходов к терапии последствий черепно-мозговых травм, выявить наиболее перспективные направления.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: систематический обзор научной литературы, анализ результатов доклинических и клинических исследований по применению различных терапевтических подходов при черепно-мозговой травме, включая стандартную интенсивную терапию, экспериментальные нейропротективные препараты и клеточную терапию.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: установлено, что существующая стандартная терапия последствий черепно-мозговых травм направлена преимущественно на поддержание витальных функций и контроль внутричерепного давления, но она не воздействует на ключевые механизмы развития вторичного повреждения мозговой ткани. Большинство экспериментальных нейропротективных препаратов не продемонстрировали выраженной клинической эффективности. Одним из наиболее перспективных подходов к стимуляции нейропротекции мозговой ткани и предотвращению развития ее вторичного повреждения после черепно-мозговой травмы является терапия стволовыми клетками или продуктами их секреции. Секретом мезенхимных стромальных клеток, содержащий широкий спектр биологически активных молекул и молекулярных комплексов, обладает уникальной способностью воздействовать на широкий спектр патогенетических механизмов, возникающих после черепно-мозговой травмы. Последние достижения молекулярной и клеточной биологии (в частности, получение клеточных линий с пролонгированным пролиферативным потенциалом) открывают возможности клинической трансляции данной технологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: существующая терапия последствий черепно-мозговых травм обладает ограниченной эффективностью и не позволяет осуществлять профилактику развития отсроченных повреждений мозговой ткани. Одним из наиболее перспективных подходов к предотвращению развития нежелательных последствий черепно-мозговой травмы является терапия стволовыми клетками или продуктами их секреции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Traumatic brain injury remains one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in modern society, while existing treatment methods demonstrate limited effectiveness in preventing the development of secondary brain damage and the occurrence of delayed neurological complications. The lack of drugs with a complex multitarget effect on the main pathogenetic mechanisms of traumatic brain injury necessitates the search for new therapeutic approaches.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim of the study</title><p>Aim of the study: to analyze current and promising approaches to the treatment of the consequences of traumatic brain injury, to identify the most promising areas.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: a systematic review of the scientific literature, analysis of the results of preclinical and clinical studies on the use of various therapeutic approaches in traumatic brain injury, including standard intensive care, experimental neuroprotective drugs and cell therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: it was found that the standard existing therapy for the consequences of traumatic brain injury is aimed primarily at maintaining vital functions and controlling intracranial pressure, but does not affect the key mechanisms of secondary brain tissue damage. Most experimental neuroprotective drugs have not demonstrated significant clinical efficacy. One of the most promising approaches to stimulating brain tissue neuroprotection and preventing the development of its secondary damage after traumatic brain injury is therapy with stem cells or their secretion products. The secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells, containing a wide range of biologically active molecules and molecular complexes, has a unique ability to affect a wide range of pathogenetic mechanisms that occur after traumatic brain injury. Recent advances in molecular and cellular biology (in particular, obtaining cell lines with prolonged proliferative potential) open up opportunities for clinical translation of this technology.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: existing therapy for the consequences of traumatic brain injury has limited effectiveness and does not allow for the prevention of delayed damage to brain tissue. One of the most promising approaches to preventing the development of undesirable consequences of traumatic brain injury is therapy with stem cells or products of their secretion.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>вторичное повреждение мозга</kwd><kwd>регенеративная медицина</kwd><kwd>нейропротекция</kwd><kwd>мезенхимные стромальные клетки</kwd><kwd>секретом</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>regenerative medicine</kwd><kwd>neuroprotection</kwd><kwd>secondary brain injury</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stromal cells</kwd><kwd>secretome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dewan M.C., Rattani A., Gupta S. et al. Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury. 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