<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bmjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Байкальский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Baikal Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0715</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57256/2949-0715-2025-4-3-74-83</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bmjour-311</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВОДНО-ПАРОВАЯ ТЕРМОТЕРАПИЯ REZŪM В ЛЕЧЕНИИ ДОБРОКАЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ГИПЕРПЛАЗИИ ПРОСТАТЫ: КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИСХОДЫ И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>REZŪM WATER VAPOR THERMAL THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA: CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND EFFICACY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3285-5559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>Владимир Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobev</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры факультетской хирургии и урологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Faculty Surgery and Urology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denecer@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1525-3425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тухиев</surname><given-names>Артур Русланович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tukhiev</surname><given-names>Artur R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры факультетской хирургии и урологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student of the Department of Faculty Surgery and Urology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atukhiev@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9278-9739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лелявин</surname><given-names>Кирилл Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lelyavin</surname><given-names>Kirill B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., доцент кафедры скорой медицинской помощи и медицины катастроф</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lelyavin69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2892-5665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осадчинский</surname><given-names>Александр Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osadchinskiy</surname><given-names>Alexander E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., клинический специалист </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Osadchinskiy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0947-9673</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фокин</surname><given-names>Семен Олегович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fokin</surname><given-names>Semen O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент 5 курса лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5th-year student of the Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goga.fokin.03@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2786-9790</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белых</surname><given-names>Константин Ростиславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belykh</surname><given-names>Konstantin R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент 5 курса лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5th-year student of the Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koctabelih911@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9143-916X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Су-Янз</surname><given-names>Кирилл Максимович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Su-Yanz</surname><given-names>Kirill M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент 5 курса лечебного факультета </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5th-year student of the Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">KirillSu15@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский государственный медицинский университет, Иркутск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования», Иркутск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education - branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «БОСТОН СЭЕНТИФИК», Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Specialist at «BOSTON SCIENTIFIC»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воробьев В.А., Тухиев А.Р., Лелявин К.Б., Осадчинский А.Е., Фокин С.О., Белых К.Р., Су-Янз К.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воробьев В.А., Тухиев А.Р., Лелявин К.Б., Осадчинский А.Е., Фокин С.О., Белых К.Р., Су-Янз К.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vorobev V.A., Tukhiev A.R., Lelyavin K.B., Osadchinskiy A.E., Fokin S.O., Belykh K.R., Su-Yanz K.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/311">https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/311</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Доброкачественная гиперплазия предстательной железы – одно из самых распространённых урологических заболеваний у мужчин пожилого возраста, причём её распространённость и тяжесть симптомов увеличиваются пропорционально возрасту. В то же время возможности консервативной терапии нередко ограничены (многие пациенты сохраняют выраженные симптомы на фоне лечения), а стандартная операция ТУР простаты сопряжена с риском осложнений – кровотечения, госпитализации, а также высоким процентом сексуальных дисфункций (ретроградная эякуляция наблюдается у 50–70% пациентов). На этом фоне водно-паровая термотерапия Rezūm выступает перспективной малоинвазивной альтернативой: она обеспечивает стойкое снижение симптоматики ДГПЖ при минимальном травматизме, позволяя избежать длительного медикаментозного лечения и снизить риск хирургических осложнений, сохраняя при этом орган и половую функцию пациента.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить ранние клинические исходы и безопасность водно-паровой термотерапии Rezūm у пациентов с доброкачественной гиперплазией простаты.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнен ретроспективный одноцентровый анализ результатов лечения 9 мужчин (49–78 лет; средний возраст 59,4 ± 9,1 года) с тяжёлыми симптомами со стороны нижних мочевых путей (IPSS ≥ 22) и умеренным увеличением простаты (30,8–70,0 мл). Всем пациентам проведена термоабляция Rezūm (4–6 инъекций пара; средняя продолжительность 7,8 ± 1,5 мин). Контрольная оценка через 3 месяца включала оценку по шкале International Prostate Symptom Score и связанный с симптомами индекс качества жизни, максимальную скорость потока мочи, объём остаточной мочи, объём простаты и регистрацию осложнений (Clavien–Dindo).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. К 3-му месяцу (по истечении 3 месяцев) суммарный балл по шкале International Prostate Symptom Score снизился с 25,8 ± 2,9 до 5,9 ± 1,3 балла (77 %; p &lt; 0,01); индекс качества жизни  – с 5,0 ± 0,5 до 1,1 ± 0,3 (78 %; p &lt; 0,01). Максимальная скорость потока мочи увеличилась с 6,6 ± 2,8 до 20,8 ± 2,8 мл/с (+215 %; p &lt; 0,01); объем остаточной мочи снизился с 128 ± 116 до 0 мл (p &lt; 0,01). Объём простаты уменьшился на 65 % (с 53,3 ± 14,8 до 18,6 ± 2,9 мл; p &lt; 0,01). Восстановление самостоятельного мочеиспускания достигнуто у 100 % больных (медиана 7 суток). Осложнения I–II степени зарегистрированы у 2 пациентов (11 % макрогематурия, 11 % преходящая задержка мочи); осложнений ≥ III степени, инфекций и сексуальных дисфункций не выявлено.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Водно-паровая термотерапия Rezūm обеспечивает значимое снижение симптомов ДГПЖ, улучшение уродинамики и быстрое восстановление мочеиспускания при минимальном риске осложнений; метод может рассматриваться как эффективная малоинвазивная альтернатива трансуретральной резекции простаты.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is one of the most common urological conditions in elderly men, with both its prevalence and symptom severity increasing proportionally with age. At the same time, the effectiveness of conservative therapy is often limited, as many patients continue to experience significant lower urinary tract symptoms despite medical treatment. The standard surgical option — transurethral resection of the prostate— is associated with risks such as bleeding, hospitalization, and a high incidence of sexual dysfunction, with retrograde ejaculation occurring in 50–70% of patients. In this context, water vapor thermal therapy (Rezūm) represents a promising minimally invasive alternative. It provides durable relief of BPH-related symptoms with minimal invasiveness, allowing patients to avoid long-term pharmacotherapy and reduce the risk of surgical complications, while preserving the prostate gland and sexual function.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the early clinical outcomes and safety of Rezūm water vapor thermal therapy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A retrospective single-center analysis was conducted on the treatment outcomes of 9 men (aged 49–78 years; mean age 59.4 ± 9.1 years) presenting with severe lower urinary tract symptoms (IPSS ≥ 22) and moderate prostate enlargement (30.8–70.0 mL). All patients underwent Rezūm thermal ablation (4–6 vapor injections; mean procedure duration 7.8 ± 1.5 minutes). Follow-up at 3 months included assessment using the International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life index related to symptoms, maximum urinary flow rate, post-void residual urine volume, prostate volume, and complication recording according to the Clavien–Dindo classification.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. By the 3-month follow-up, the total IPSS score had significantly decreased from 25.8 ± 2.9 to 5.9 ± 1.3 points (a 77% reduction; p &lt; 0.01), and the QoL index improved from 5.0 ± 0.5 to 1.1 ± 0.3 (a 78% reduction; p &lt; 0.01). Qmax increased from 6.6 ± 2.8 to 20.8 ± 2.8 mL/s (+215%; p &lt; 0.01), while the PVR decreased from 128 ± 116 to 0 mL (p &lt; 0.01). Prostate volume was reduced by 65% (from 53.3 ± 14.8 to 18.6 ± 2.9 mL; p &lt; 0.01). Spontaneous voiding was restored in 100% of patients (median time: 7 days). Grade I–II complications were observed in 2 patients (11% macroscopic hematuria, 11% transient urinary retention). No complications of grade ≥ III, infections, or sexual dysfunctions were reported.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Rezūm water vapor thermal therapy provides a significant reduction in BPH-related symptoms, improves urodynamic parameters, and enables rapid recovery of spontaneous voiding with a minimal risk of complications. It may be considered an effective minimally invasive alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доброкачественная гиперплазия простаты</kwd><kwd>Rezum</kwd><kwd>водяной пар</kwd><kwd>минимально инвазивная хирургия</kwd><kwd>IPSS</kwd><kwd>Qmax</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>benign prostatic hyperplasia</kwd><kwd>Rezūm</kwd><kwd>water vapour therapy</kwd><kwd>minimally invasive surgery</kwd><kwd>IPSS</kwd><kwd>peak flow rate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morton A., Williams M., Perera M. et al. Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the 21st century: temporal trends in Australian population-based data. BJU Int. 2020;126 Suppl 1:18-26. doi:10.1111/bju.15098. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.15098</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morton A., Williams M., Perera M. et al. Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the 21st century: temporal trends in Australian population-based data. BJU Int. 2020;126 Suppl 1:18-26. doi:10.1111/bju.15098. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.15098</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Devlin C.M., Simms M.S., Maitland N.J. Benign prostatic hyperplasia - what do we know? BJU Int. 2021;127(4):389-399. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.15229</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devlin C.M., Simms M.S., Maitland N.J. Benign prostatic hyperplasia - what do we know? BJU Int. 2021;127(4):389-399. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.15229</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dornbier R., Pahouja G., Branch J., McVary K.T. The New American Urological Association Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Clinical Guidelines: 2019 Update. Curr Urol Rep. 2020;21(9):32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-020-00985-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dornbier R., Pahouja G., Branch J., McVary K.T. The New American Urological Association Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Clinical Guidelines: 2019 Update. Curr Urol Rep. 2020;21(9):32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-020-00985-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaltsas A., Giannakodimos I., Symeonidis E.N. et al. To Rezūm or Not to Rezūm: A Narrative Review of Water Vapor Thermal Therapy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. J Clin Med. 2025;14(12):4254. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124254</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaltsas A., Giannakodimos I., Symeonidis E.N. et al. To Rezūm or Not to Rezūm: A Narrative Review of Water Vapor Thermal Therapy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. J Clin Med. 2025;14(12):4254. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124254</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh D., Nguyen T., Burnam P. et al. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Sexual Dysfunction: Review of the Impact of New Medical and Surgical Therapies on Sexual Health. Curr Urol Rep. 2025;26(1):49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-025-01279-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh D., Nguyen T., Burnam P. et al. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Sexual Dysfunction: Review of the Impact of New Medical and Surgical Therapies on Sexual Health. Curr Urol Rep. 2025;26(1):49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-025-01279-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang Y.J., Yang E.J., Nguyen T.T., Kato T., Choi S.Y. Which improvements does Rezum bring to BPH management? A network meta-analysis and comparison of water vapor therapy and conduction ablation techniques. Minerva Urol Nephrol. 2025;77(2):171-180. https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6051.25.06109-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang Y.J., Yang E.J., Nguyen T.T., Kato T., Choi S.Y. Which improvements does Rezum bring to BPH management? A network meta-analysis and comparison of water vapor therapy and conduction ablation techniques. Minerva Urol Nephrol. 2025;77(2):171-180. https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6051.25.06109-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shin B.N.H., Qu L., Rhee H., Chung E. Systematic review and network meta-analysis of re-intervention rates of new surgical interventions for benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int. 2024;134:155–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.16304</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shin B.N.H., Qu L., Rhee H., Chung E. Systematic review and network meta-analysis of re-intervention rates of new surgical interventions for benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int. 2024;134:155–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.16304</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dixon C., Cedano E.R., Pacik D. et al. Efficacy and Safety of Rezūm System Water Vapor Treatment for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Urology 2015;86:1042–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2015.05.046</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dixon C., Cedano E.R., Pacik D. et al. Efficacy and Safety of Rezūm System Water Vapor Treatment for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Urology 2015;86:1042–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2015.05.046</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ines M., Babar M., Singh S., Iqbal N., Ciatto M. Real-world evidence with The Rezūm System: A retrospective study and comparative analysis on the efficacy and safety of 12 month outcomes across a broad range of prostate volumes. Prostate 2021;81:956–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.24191</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ines M., Babar M., Singh S., Iqbal N., Ciatto M. Real-world evidence with The Rezūm System: A retrospective study and comparative analysis on the efficacy and safety of 12 month outcomes across a broad range of prostate volumes. Prostate 2021;81:956–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.24191</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Samir M., Mahmoud M.A., Abdelmonem H.A., Elrefaie M., Gad K.A. A comparative analysis of the outcomes of Rezūm therapy based on prostate size: a four-year retrospective analysis. World J Urol. 2025;43(1):443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-025-05793-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samir M., Mahmoud M.A., Abdelmonem H.A., Elrefaie M., Gad K.A. A comparative analysis of the outcomes of Rezūm therapy based on prostate size: a four-year retrospective analysis. World J Urol. 2025;43(1):443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-025-05793-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alcina E.L., Arjona M.F., Guzmán E.F., Zuazu J.R., Jochamowitz I.S. Expert consensus on Rezūm™: Indications, surgical technique and postoperative care. BJUI Compass 2025;6(2):e491. https://doi.org/10.1002/bco2.491</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alcina E.L., Arjona M.F., Guzmán E.F., Zuazu J.R., Jochamowitz I.S. Expert consensus on Rezūm™: Indications, surgical technique and postoperative care. BJUI Compass 2025;6(2):e491. https://doi.org/10.1002/bco2.491</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warlick C.A., Spilseth B.D., Dixon C.M. Transurethral Water Vapor Ablation: Potential for a Novel Prostate Cancer Management Strategy. Res Rep Urol. 2025;17:17–25. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S498872</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Warlick C.A., Spilseth B.D., Dixon C.M. Transurethral Water Vapor Ablation: Potential for a Novel Prostate Cancer Management Strategy. Res Rep Urol. 2025;17:17–25. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S498872</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зимичев А.А., Гусев Д.О., Почивалов А.С. и др. Современные подходы к хирургическому и малоинвазивному лечению пациентов с доброкачественной гиперплазией предстательной железы. Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ»: реабилитация, врач и здоровье. 2020; 4: 114–124. https://doi.org/10.20340/vmi-rvz.2020.4.13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Зимичев А.А., Гусев Д.О., Почивалов А.С. и др. Современные подходы к хирургическому и малоинвазивному лечению пациентов с доброкачественной гиперплазией предстательной железы. Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ»: реабилитация, врач и здоровье. 2020; 4: 114–124. https://doi.org/10.20340/vmi-rvz.2020.4.13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McVary K.T., Gittelman M.C., Goldberg K.A. et al. Final 5-year outcomes of the multicenter randomized sham-controlled trial of a water vapor thermal therapy for treatment of moderate to severe LUTS secondary to BPH // The Journal of Urology. 2021 Vol. 206, № 3 P. 715–724. https://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000001778</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McVary K.T., Gittelman M.C., Goldberg K.A. et al. Final 5-year outcomes of the multicenter randomized sham-controlled trial of a water vapor thermal therapy for treatment of moderate to severe LUTS secondary to BPH // The Journal of Urology. 2021 Vol. 206, № 3 P. 715–724. https://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000001778</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Winkler T., von Klot C.A.J., Madersbacher S., Kuczyk M.A., Wolters M. Rezum water vapor thermal therapy for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms: A retrospective single-centre analysis from a German high-volume centre.PLoS One. 2023; 18, (1):. e0279883. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279883</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Winkler T., von Klot C.A.J., Madersbacher S., Kuczyk M.A., Wolters M. Rezum water vapor thermal therapy for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms: A retrospective single-centre analysis from a German high-volume centre.PLoS One. 2023; 18, (1):. e0279883. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279883</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
