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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bmjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Байкальский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Baikal Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0715</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57256/2949-0715-2025-4-3-12-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bmjour-309</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Scientific literature reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФИБРИНОЛИЗ: СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД, ПАТОЛОГИЯ, ДИАГНОСТИКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FIBRINOLYSIS: MODERN VIEW, PATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSTICS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-0617</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуцол</surname><given-names>Людмила Олеговна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gutsol</surname><given-names>Lyudmila O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., доцент, доцент кафедры патологической физиологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gutzol@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7504-4938</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Ирина Эдуардовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>Irina E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры химии и биохимии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor, associate professor of the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5982-3875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семинский</surname><given-names>Игорь Жанович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seminsky</surname><given-names>Igor Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой патологической физиологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pathological Physiology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.seminskiy.2016@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9005-1578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гузовская</surname><given-names>Евгения Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guzovskaiia</surname><given-names>Evgenia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры патологической физиологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prokopyewa@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3328-4727</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебренникова</surname><given-names>Светлана Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebrennikova</surname><given-names>Svetlana N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры патологической физиологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sserebrennikova1980@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Людмила Аркадьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Lyudmila A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., зав. лабораторией клинической диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Diagnostics</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский государственный медицинский университет, Иркутск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский научный центр хирургии и травматологии, Иркутск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гуцол Л.О., Егорова И.Э., Семинский И.Ж., Гузовская Е.В., Серебренникова С.Н., Дмитриева Л.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гуцол Л.О., Егорова И.Э., Семинский И.Ж., Гузовская Е.В., Серебренникова С.Н., Дмитриева Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gutsol L.O., Egorova I.E., Seminsky I.Z., Guzovskaiia E.V., Serebrennikova S.N., Dmitrieva L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/309">https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/309</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Фибринолиз является важной и неотъемлемой частью системы гемостаза. Действуя параллельно и совместно, системы свертывания крови и фибринолиза защищают организм от избыточного образования тромбов и обтурации кровеносных сосудов, с одной стороны, и способствуют поддержанию гомеостаза, предотвращая избыточную кровопотерю. С другой стороны, в результате нарушения баланса между процессами коагуляции и фибринолиза возникают такие патологические процессы, как геморрагические синдромы или тромбофилии. Система фибринолиза включает в себя не только плазмин, непосредственно расщепляющий фибриновый сгусток, но и систему белков, контролирующих активность плазмина: активаторов и ингибиторов этого процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Рассмотреть современные представления о процессах разрушения фибринового сгустка, механизмах контроля фибринолиза, виды нарушений этих механизмов и проявления этих нарушений, описать основные тесты для определения активности различных белков и продуктов фибринолиза.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В обзоре рассмотрена последовательность реакций расщепления фибрина и фибриногена. Приведены основные активаторы плазминогена и ингибиторы плазмина. Описаны свойства компонетнтов – участников фибринолиза. Также в обзоре показаны основные нарушения фибринолиза: гипо- и гиперфибринолитические состояния с примерами. В конце обзора приведены основные лабораторные тесты, позволяющие оценить активность системы фибринолиза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Фибринолиз является неотъемлемым компонентом системы гемостаза. Фибринолиз предотвращает обтурацию кровеносных сосудов фибриновыми тромбами, осуществляет реканализацию сосудов и восстановление нормального кровотока, кроме того он участвует в патогенезе сердечно-сосудистых и других заболеваний. Понимание клинического значения фибринолиза важно для диагностики и лечения различных заболеваний и состояний, связанных с нарушениями в системе свёртывания крови и тромбообразования. При этом, надо учитывать, что лабораторная диагностика нарушений фибринолитической системы проводится в комбинации с исследованием про- и антикоагулянтов, а также системы тромбоцитов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Fibrinolysis is an important and integral part of the hemostasis system. Acting in parallel and together, the blood coagulation and fibrinolysis systems protect the body from excessive thrombus formation and vascular occlusion, on the one hand, and help maintain homeostasis by preventing excessive blood loss. On the other hand, as a result of imbalance between the coagulation and fibrinolysis processes, pathological processes such as hemorrhagic syndromes or thrombophilia occur. The fibrinolysis system includes not only plasmin, which directly breaks down the fibrin clot, but also a system of proteins that control plasmin activity: activators and inhibitors of this process.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To examine modern concepts of the processes of fibrin clot destruction, mechanisms of fibrinolysis control, types of disorders of these mechanisms and manifestations of these disorders, to describe the main tests for determining the activity of various proteins and fibrinolysis products.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The review examines the sequence of reactions of fibrin and fibrinogen cleavage. The main plasminogen activators and plasmin inhibitors are given. The properties of the components participating in fibrinolysis are described. The review also shows the main fibrinolysis disorders: hypo- and hyperfibrinolytic conditions with examples. At the end of the review, the main laboratory tests are given that allow assessing the activity of the fibrinolysis system.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Fibrinolysis is an integral component of the hemostasis system. Fibrinolysis prevents obstruction of blood vessels by fibrin thrombi, recanalizes blood vessels and restores normal blood flow, and participates in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and other diseases. Understanding the clinical significance of fibrinolysis is important for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases and conditions associated with disorders in the blood coagulation and thrombus formation system. At the same time, it should be taken into account that laboratory diagnostics of fibrinolytic system disorders is carried out in combination with the study of pro- and anticoagulants, as well as platelets. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибринолиз</kwd><kwd>плазмин</kwd><kwd>активаторы плазминогена</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы плазмина</kwd><kwd>основные методы оценки фибринолиза</kwd><kwd>нарушение фибринолиза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fibrinolysis</kwd><kwd>plasmin</kwd><kwd>plasminogen activators</kwd><kwd>plasmin inhibitors</kwd><kwd>basic methods of fibrinolysis assessment</kwd><kwd>fibrinolysis disorder</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сhapin J.C, Hajjar K.A. Fibrinolysis and the control of blood coagulation. 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