bmjourБайкальский медицинский журналBaikal Medical Journal2949-0715Irkutsk State Medical University10.57256/2949-0715-2025-4-3-31-45bmjour-308Research ArticleНаучные обзоры литературыScientific literature reviewsСИНДРОМ ТАКОЦУБО. ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ, МЕХАНИЗМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ, ДИАГНОЗ, ЛЕЧЕНИЕTAKOTSUBO SYNDROME. EPIDEMIOLOGY, MECHANISMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENThttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9069-3570ЕнисееваЕлена СергеевнаEniseevaElena S.

к.м.н., доцент

Cand. Sci. (Med.), associated professor

eniseeva-irk@yandex.ruИркутский государственный медицинский университет, Иркутск; Иркутская государственная медицинская Академия последипломного образования, ИркутскРоссияIrkutsk State Medical University; Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education - branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional EducationRussian Federation202510092025433145Copyright © Енисеева Е.С., 20252025Енисеева Е.С.Eniseeva E.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bmjour.ru/jour/article/view/308Актуальность

Актуальность. Синдром такоцубо – стресс-индуцированная кардиомиопатия, которая характеризуется обратимым поражением миокарда с транзиторной дисфункцией левого желудочка, изменениями на электрокардиограмме, сходными с острым коронарным синдромом. Рост числа зарегистрированных случаев определяет необходимость повышения информированности врачей о заболевании, возможностях различных методов диагностики для проведения дифференциального диагноза с острым коронарным синдромом, лечении.

Цель работы

Цель работы. Представить современные данные о патогенезе синдрома такоцубо, критериях диагностики, роли различных методов диагностики и дифференциальном диагнозе с острым коронарном синдромом, особенностях лечения.

Результаты

Результаты. В обзоре представлены данные литературы последних лет об эпидемиологии, патогенезе, диагностике синдрома такоцубо. Обсуждаются возможные патофизиологические механизмы развития заболевания. Описаны современные критерии диагностики, значимость различных методов диагностики, возможность сочетания синдрома такоцубо со стенотическими поражениями коронарных артерий. Обсуждаются возможные осложнения, такие как острая сердечная недостаточность, кардиогенный шок, нарушения ритма. Приведены критерии неблагоприятного прогноза. Представлены данные о рецидивах и возможные факторы, увеличивающие вероятность рецидива. В настоящее время отсутствуют основанные на доказательствах рекомендации по лечению синдрома такоцубо. Обсуждаются показания для бета-блокаторов, левосимендана, роль механической поддержки при кардиогенном шоке.

Заключение

Заключение. Синдром такоцубо не является очень редким заболеванием. Применение современных методов диагностики позволяет установить диагноз. Течение и прогноз заболевания различны, необходимо выявление пациентов высокого риска. Лечение в острой фазе зависит от наличия осложнений. Необходимы рандомизированные исследования, доказывающие эффективность различных препаратов как в острую фазу, так и при длительном лечении.

Ключевые слова

Ключевые слова: синдром такоцубо; стресс-индуцированная кардиомиопатия; 

Background

Background. Takotsubo syndrome is a stress-induced cardiomyopathy characterized by reversible myocardial damage with transient left ventricular dysfunction and electrocardiogram changes similar to acute coronary syndrome. The observed increase in reported cases of this syndrome The growing number of reported cases determines the need to increase awareness of this condition, the possibilities of diagnostic methods for differential diagnosis with acute coronary syndrome, and treatment.

The aim of the work

The aim of the work. To present modern data of the pathogenesis of takotsubo syndrome, diagnostic criteria, the role of various diagnostic methods and differential diagnosis with acute coronary syndrome, and treatment features.

Results

Results. The review presents recent literature data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of takotsubo syndrome. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease are discussed. Modern diagnostic criteria, the role of various diagnostic methods, and the possibility of coexistence takotsubo syndrome with coronary artery stenotic lesions are described. Complications such as acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and rhythm disturbances are discussed. The criteria of an unfavorable prognosis are given. Data on recurrence and possible factors that increase the likelihood of recurrent events are discussed. Currently, there are no evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of takotsubo syndrome. Indications for beta-blockers, levosimendan, and the role of mechanical support in patients with cardiogenic shock are discussed.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Takotsubo syndrome is not a very rare disease. The use of modern diagnostic methods makes it possible to establish a diagnosis. The course and prognosis of the disease vary, and it is necessary to identify high-risk patients. Treatment in the acute phase depends on the presence of complications. Randomized trials are needed to prove the effectiveness of various drugs both in the acute phase and in long-term treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.